Description of different types of piles part-2
Screw pile:
(hammered into the ground)This pile is made by attaching a screw under a steel shaft or cast iron with an outer diameter of 15 to 30 cm. Piles can be hollow or solid. The screw diameter of the base can be from 45 to 150 cm. It is rotated with the help of an electric motor and placed on the ground. This pile is very useful in soft soil or loose sandy soil.
Disk Pile:
pile transfers-Like a screw pile, this pile has a cast iron disc attached to the end of the hollow metal pile, thus increasing the bearing area of the pile. The lower end of the pile is open. It is possible to dig a water jet through it. This pile can be used on sand or soft soil. Moreover, it is possible to dig similar soils through water jets. These piles are mostly used for setting up coastal structures.
Pipe pile or steel cylinder:
bearing piles-It is advisable to place the foundation of a very heavy structure on a solid rock level. If the depth of soft soil is more than 7-8 m and a layer of rock is found, more piles are required. To overcome this problem, 15 mm to 20 mm thick hollow steel pipes with a diameter of 1 to 1.5 m are used as the foundation.
Cylinder placement method:(deep foundation)
1. Hit by steam hammer.
2. Applies pressure by hydraulic jack.
3. Digging through contaminated air or buckets.
4. By pressing the cylinder at its own weight or by loading it over the platform.
After the cylinder reaches the solid foundation, the cylinder is filled with concrete. One or more cylinders are placed for each column. The cylinder is often left permanently to protect the concrete.
Advantages of steel piles
(piles are constructed)
1. The bearing capacity is extremely high.
2. Able to resist horizontal force and backling.
3. Able to resist blows. The result is used in marine work.
4. Easy to place and transfer.
5. These piles can be easily joined by welding.
Disadvantages of steel piles:
(support for structures)
Piles are made by placing piles of two different materials one on top of the other. Most composite piles are made of a combination of concrete and wood. The durability of concrete and the financial savings of wood can be obtained in this way. Wood piles are used under subsoil water and concrete is used over subsoil water.
Sand pile:
(piles are driven)(transfers the load)
This pile is made by digging a hole in the ground and filling the hole with sand. These piles are used to strengthen the soil or to increase the load carrying capacity as sand can carry more load than soil. The hole is made by digging a hole with agar, closing the bottom end of the hollow pile and inserting it into the soil with the help of pressure. The diameter of this hole varies from 20 cm to 40 cm, after which the excavated hole is filled with sand and filled firmly. The sand is kept wet during hardening. The pile is filled with 1 m of cement concrete to protect the pile so that it is not damaged or the sand deposited due to animal pressure. These piles are made from 2 meters to 5 meters. Usually the piles are used at the bottom of the column.
The advantage of sand piles:
(driving piles)
1. Easy to build.
2. Financial savings in case of small structures.
3. Even if there is water in the sub-soil, this pile can be used.
4. Gravel can also be used instead of sand.
5. Groundwater is not damaged.
Problems with sand piles:
(pile cap)-driven into the ground concrete pile shallow foundation pile foundations friction piles bored piles)
1. Not suitable for earthquake areas.
2. Unsuitable in loose soil. This is because the pile can be eroded or damaged.